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Article
Sprouts Farmers Market: A Specialty Grocer With a Traditional Twist
Sprouts Farmers Market is performing well in 2024, with a strong Q2 under its belt and an increase in comparable store sales. How did it perform in Q3 2024? We took a closer look at the data to find out.
Lila Margalit
Oct 15, 2024
4 minutes

Sprouts Farmers Market, the Phoenix, Arizona-based natural foods chain with some 419 locations across 23 states – up from 391 in July 2023 – is firmly in expansion mode. The chain reported a strong Q2 2024, including a 6.7% increase in comparable store sales. 

But how did Sprouts perform in Q3? We dove into the data to find out. 

Sprouting Ahead of the Pack

Given its rapidly-growing footprint, Sprouts’ strong year-over-year (YoY) foot traffic growth – 8.1% in Q3 2024, far above the industry average of 1.6% – may seem unremarkable. After all, a bigger fleet means more locations to contribute to the chain’s overall visit count. But for Sprouts, expansion is just part of the story. Throughout Q3 and most of Q2, the average number of visits to each of Sprouts Farmers Market’s locations also increased YoY, showing that the chain’s growing store count is meeting robust demand. And though the wider grocery space also saw a YoY uptick in visits per location, the increase was significantly lower (1.0% in Q3 for the segment as a whole, compared to 2.6% for Sprouts).

Quarterly and monthly visits and visits per location for Sprouts show impressive growth compared to 2023

Turkey Wednesday, Here We Come!

What can Sprouts expect this holiday season? In the past, location analytics have shown that while Turkey Wednesday – the day before Thanksgiving – is a major milestone for traditional grocery stores, specialty grocers like Trader Joe’s see smaller visit peaks on the big day. 

But though Sprouts Farmers Market is certainly positioned as a specialty grocer, it is somewhat more akin to a traditional supermarket than key competitors like Trader Joe’s. For one thing, Sprouts boasts a wider array of merchandise than Trader Joe’s – including a huge selection of fresh, organic fruits and vegetables. And while Sprouts has been leaning heavily into its growing portfolio of private-label products, they still account for a minority of the chain’s revenue (In Q2 2024, just about 20% of Sprouts’ revenue came from private-label items – while at Trader Joe’s, some 80% of products sold are own-label.) 

Perhaps as a result of these differences, consumers interact with Sprouts in some ways as they would with a traditional supermarket – including during the holidays. On November 22nd, 2023, for example (last year’s Turkey Wednesday), visits to Sprouts were up 61.3% compared to the chain’s daily average for the 12-month period ending September 30th, 2024 – making it Sprouts’ busiest day of the year by far. Though this jump was smaller than the 79.2% visit spike seen by the wider grocery store category, it was significantly larger than the 41.8% boost experienced by Trader Joe’s – which draws more traffic on the day before Mother’s Day. (December 23rd was the second-busiest day of the year for all three.)

Sprouts, Trader Joe's and the grocery category visits compared to YTD average for peak traffic days

More Families With Children, Fewer Singles

Additionally, like traditional grocery stores, Sprouts Farmers Market attracts more parental households, and fewer singles, than Trader Joe’s – another reason, perhaps, why it’s so busy on Turkey Wednesday.

Over the past twelve months, the share of families with children in Sprouts’ captured market stood at 27.8% – higher than Trader Joe’s 25.4% and in line with the industry-wide average of 27.4%. On the flip side, the share of one-person households in Sprouts’ captured market was 26.2%, lower than Trader Joe’s 29.5%, and once again more closely aligned with the somewhat-higher 27.7% observed for the grocery category as a whole. As a family-friendly chain that caters to parents on the hunt for healthy food items, Sprouts will likely be a key destination this year for households seeking to load up on ingredients for the holidays. 

*Captured market analysis weights each census block group (CBG) feeding visits to the chain according to its share in the chain’s overall foot traffic – thus reflecting the profile of the chain’s actual visitor base.

Share of audience segments for households with and without children in Q3 2024 for Sprouts and Trader Joe's show Sprouts draws more families with children and Trader Joe draws more singles

Full Speed Ahead

Sprouts Farmers Market is a specialty grocer– but one that is often treated like a traditional supermarket. With stellar YoY visit and visit-per-location performance under its belt, Sprouts appears poised to be a stand-out beneficiary of both Turkey Wednesday and the day before Christmas Eve (December 23rd) this year. What else lies in store for Sprouts this year? 

Follow Placer.ai’s data driven retail analyses to find out.  

This blog includes data from Placer.ai Data Version 2.1, which introduces a new dynamic model that stabilizes daily fluctuations in the panel, improving accuracy and alignment with external ground truth sources.

Article
CAVA: The Craze Continues
CAVA has enjoyed a great few years, opening stores at a rapid clip while maintaining its foot traffic gains. We took a closer look at the location intelligence data to understand what is driving success for the fast-casual dining chain. 
Bracha Arnold
Oct 14, 2024
3 minutes

Fast-casual dining chain CAVA has had a great few years. The restaurant chain, which serves up health and flavor-forward Mediterranean fare, has increased its footprint massively over the past few years, and shows no signs of slowing down.

We took a closer look at the location intelligence data to understand what is driving success for the fast-casual dining chain. 

Monthly Visits Outpace Overall Fast-Casual Visits

CAVA, which has been opening restaurants at a rapid clip, is firmly in expansion mode. The restaurant chain featured 341 restaurants at the end of Q2 2024 – up from roughly 300 at the end of 2023 – and has set its sights on operating 1,000 locations by 2032. 

Partly as a result of its growing footprint, CAVA’s foot traffic – already elevated in 2023 – has continued to surge throughout 2024. The chain achieved double-digit year-over-year (YoY) visit growth during every month of the year so far, with September visits up 24.9% YoY. By comparison, the broader fast-casual dining sector – which is also thriving – saw more modest YoY visit growth over the same period, as well as some minor YoY declines in January and September. 

Monthly visits for CAVA frm Jan - Sep. '24 compared to 2023, side by side with the fast casual dining category. Graph shows CAVA outperforming the category.

Visit-Per-Location Growth Cements CAVA’s Positioning

Still, though much of CAVA’s YoY foot traffic growth may be attributed to its rapid expansion – after all, more restaurants mean more opportunities for diners to try a lemon chicken or harissa avocado bowl – CAVA’s individual locations are also drawing more traffic. In all but one month of 2024 – January, when inclement weather led to a retail slowdown nationwide – the average number of visits to each CAVA restaurant also rose significantly. And in August and September 2024, visits per location grew by 15.0% and 9.9% YoY, respectively.

These trends suggest that CAVA’s expansion strategy is leaning into robust demand – and has succeeded in generating excitement and visit growth in both new and existing markets.

CAVAs monthly visits per location compared to 2023 for Jan. - Sep. '24 shows a steady increase

Visits Democratizing

One factor that may be helping CAVA drive traffic is the growing diversity of its customer base. Analyzing changes in CAVA’s captured market over time with demographics from STI: PopStats shows that the median household income (HHI) of the brand’s visitor base has dropped over the past few years. (A chain’s captured market is obtained by weighting each census block group (CBG) in its trade area according to its share of visits to the chain in question – and thus represents the profile of the business’ actual visitor base.) In Q3 2021, the median HHI of CAVA’s captured market was $107.5k – much higher than the nationwide median of $76.1K. But as the chain has expanded, the median HHI of its visitor base has steadily declined, reaching $92.3K by Q3 2024. 

Similarly, using the Spatial.ai: PersonaLive dataset to look at the psychographic makeup of CAVA’s trade areas reveals that the share of “Ultra-Wealthy Families” in the chain’s captured market has also declined – from 22.9% 2021 to 17.1% in 2024. At the same time, the share of “Young Urban Singles” grew from 5.4% to 7.3%.

This shift suggests that as CAVA expands, it is welcoming a broader and more diverse customer base – positioning it for continued growth as it opens new locations.

A bar graph showing CAVA's customer demographics from 2021 to 2024. It displays household median income, the percentage of ultra-wealthy families, and the percentage of young urban singles, with a trend towards a wider customer base.

CAVA’s Success Continues 

CAVA continues to exceed expectations, opening stores at a rapid clip while maintaining visit numbers and appealing to an ever-growing range of customers. 

What might the final quarter of the year hold in store for the fast-casual chain?

Visit Placer.ai to keep up to date with the latest data-driven dining insights. 

This blog includes data from Placer.ai Data Version 2.1, which introduces a new dynamic model that stabilizes daily fluctuations in the panel, improving accuracy and alignment with external ground truth sources.

Article
Pickleball and Padel: Saviors for Malls, but Threats to Tennis Courts?
Caroline Wu
Oct 11, 2024
3 minutes

If you’ve been to your local recreation center or even shopping center lately, pickleball is definitely still going on strong. Invented in 1965 on Bainbridge Island, for many decades it was considered more of a seniors’ recreational activity. But with the recent explosion of interest and proliferation of courts, we may be about to see the same snowboarding vs skiing battle that occurred in the 1980s and 1990s, except instead of the young punks carving down the slopes, it’s people of all ages carving out Pickleball courts with tape to the dismay of their tennis-loving brethren and sound-sensitive neighbors.

According to the Sports and Fitness Industry Association (SFIA), “pickleball continues to be the fastest growing sport in America, having grown 51.8% from 2022 to 2023 and an incredible 223.5% in 4 years since 2020.” The sport has some similarities to tennis, table tennis, and badminton, but one reason it has become so popular is the social nature of it - often played as doubles - and the fact that since the court is smaller, there’s less running to engage in, but there is still the excitement of rapid volleying. The ability to serve underhand also makes it more accessible to new players.

image of people playing pickleball
Image Credit: Pickleheads

Pickleball America bills itself as “one of the largest indoor pickleball venues in America” and with 80,000 sq ft at the Stamford Town Center, it clearly can live up to that claim. With clever events like “Dinko de Mayo” or resident events to bring a nearby living community together, pickleball could just be the glue that starts to bring people together for socialization and cure the loneliness epidemic. Indoor pickleball venues can also be a source of family fun, with lounges and fresh popcorn available, as well as foosball, table tennis, and essential board games.

visit trendline for pickleball america in stamford

Another sport that may be giving tennis and pickleball a run for its money is padel. This sport has the unique benefit of one being able to hit shots off the fence or wall, often made of glass or mesh, that is at the perimeter. So now we’re talking 3D thinking as one figures out what angles to hit.

image of people playing Padel
Image Credit: Pickleheads

One can fit about 2 padel courts on a tennis court, and up to 4 pickleball courts on a tennis court. So from an economics perspective, you can definitely charge for more people when playing padel or pickleball. Padel is described more as a mix of tennis, squash, and badminton and is the fastest-growing sport globally with over 25 million players in 90+ countries, per PadAthletes. At P1 Padel in Las Vegas, NV, the most popular times to frequent are in the evening from 6-8 PM. There is also a morning contingent between 9-11 AM.

Share of hourly visits to P1 Padel in Las Vegan shows a small peak from 9-11am and a larger one from 6-8pm

Padel players at this location are quite loyal, with a majority coming 30+ times in the past 12 months.

Padel player loyalty is high with the highest share of visits coming from players coming more than 30 times a year

With pickleball and padel nipping at its heels, the USTA (US Tennis Association) is fighting back with its own version of more accessible tennis, namely “red ball.” With a smaller court, a smaller racket, and balls that are up to 75% slower, this version helps newbies obtain control over the ball more quickly and has less ground to cover for those lateral runs and quick pivots. Schroeder Tennis Center in Tipp City, OH is one such location that is participating in this USTA pilot program. The bulk of visits are between 4-8 pm, which are prime post-school or post-work hours. According to the Tennis Industry Association, 23.8 million Americans ages 6 and older played tennis at least once in 2023 and 25.1 million Americans who didn’t play tennis in 2023 are “very interested” in doing so now.

Share of hourly visits to Schroeder Tennis center in Tipp City, OH shows the bulk of visits are from 4-8pm

Tennis has a long and storied history and iconic locations like Wimbledon and Roland Garros. What young tennis player doesn’t dream of their moment on Center Court? Tennis also has associations with country clubs and networking. It will likely remain the king of racquet sports. But these two new princes of pickleball and padel prove that tennis cannot just rest on its laurels but will need to evolve in order to stay competitive.

Article
Bridal Retail: Rising to the Occasion
Elizabeth Lafontaine
Oct 11, 2024
4 minutes

We’re in the midst of not only the beginning of the holiday season in retail, but also at the peak of wedding season. September and October are now the most popular months to get married, and fall weddings have become extremely popular with younger generations. Wedding planning encompasses so many different occasions, events and appointments, but none more important than wedding dress shopping.

The bridal retail space across the U.S. is incredibly fragmented, with much of the business being done by local boutiques and small chains with a handful of stores. However, there are still major retailers in the market and more entering each year. Brands in apparel have especially taken note with Abercrombie & Fitch, Reformation and e-commerce brands like Lulus all making a play at capturing a bride’s attention.

Two larger, more established forces in bridal retail include David’s Bridal and Anthropologie Weddings (formerly known as BHLDN). Both concepts have distinct value propositions for their consumers, but both aim at providing an elevated assortment and experience that is also value oriented. As value continues to be a motivating factor across all consumer decision making, both of these retailers have seen positive momentum in 2024.

Antropologie Weddings and Anthropologie total store year over year weekly visits for Jan - Oct 2024 shows a peak from Anthropologie bridal in June and smaller ones in january

Looking at year-over-year change in visitation, Anthropologie Weddings locations have consistently seen traffic growth in 2024 and have outperformed the total chain from a visitation perspective. The wedding shop is not located in all Anthropologie stores, but the stores that do have the concept cater to a higher income and trendy consumer; the location selection of towns such as Newport Beach, Westport, CT, and Newton, MA has certainly benefited the stores.

Household income of visitors to anthropologie and anthropologie wedding stores show the highest share of visitors are from households making over $150K a year

The median household income of visits to Anthropologie weddings is $117K compared to $94K chainwide. Despite the higher income profile of visitors to the wedding focused stores, Anthropologie Weddings still does appeal to value-conscious brides, despite socioeconomic status; most bridal gowns are under $2,500, which is still relatively affordable based on the industry standard.

Looking at the audience segmentation of visitors to Anthropologie Weddings compared to the total chain using PersonaLive, the wedding shops saw almost double the share of visits from Educated Urbanites, a key segment for a bridal business to not only capture, but convert. All of this highlights the success of the brand’s wedding strategy, from its location selection, to assortment and experience, which are distinctly Anthropologie, but also fitting of a special trip. Other retailers looking to make a splash in the bridal market should certainly look to Anthropologie as a case study in brand extension.

David’s Bridal had a challenging start to 2024, mirroring a few years of challenging foot traffic to its stores. However, around the midpoint of the year, there’s been an acceleration in visitation across the chain. Looking at visitation trends for 2023 and 2024, the brand started to close the gap in August. As a true value centered bridal retailer, the brand may have found its moment in the current economic climate.

Looking at the change in visitation throughout 2024, from January to July, on average, visits were down 32% YoY; from August through the most recent week, visits were down only 2% year-over-year. That’s a great improvement in trend against the backdrop of a challenging year, and even more interesting when thinking about the lead time brides have for ordering wedding gowns; most dresses for fall weddings would have been ordered in the winter or spring months, where David’s Bridal sees higher levels of visitation.

Davids Bridal change in weekly visits shows a large increase in visits during August and September

The audience segmentation of the brand has also shifted over that time. Compared to 2023 as a benchmark, the period of August 2024 through present has seen a higher share of visits from Suburban Boomers and Melting Pot Families, and a slight increase in Young Professionals. The brand also stocks special occasion and homecoming dresses, which both could appeal to these groups.

Using Placer’s Frequent Co-Tenants report, David’s Bridal locations tend to be co-located with other specialty retailers, including Five Below, Ulta Beauty, and Ross Dress for Less, who are also value oriented and the latter two retailers have been doing well in securing more traffic. The stores may have benefits from their co-location with retailers that meet current consumer desires.

Frequent co-tenants of Davids Bridal are Five Below, Ulta Beauty and Ross amongst others

Weddings continue to be a big business across the U.S., and retailers that support the wedding industry have a lot of opportunities for growth, if they can find and appeal to the right consumer cohorts. Brides of all levels are looking for an elevated experience and selection, no matter her budget.

Article
A Data-Driven Look at Consumer Behavioral Changes Across Food and Essentials Retail
R.J. Hottovy
Oct 11, 2024
3 minutes

We’ve spent a lot of time this past year analyzing how consumer behavior has evolved across the broader food and essentials category, noting that consumers continue to shop a wide number of stores across multiple channels for food purchases. With the release of Placer Data Version 2.1, we thought we’d revisit the topic.

Below, we’ve presented total category visits for grocery stores (including both conventional and value grocery chains), superstores (including mass merchants and warehouse clubs), gas stations and convenience stores, dollar and discount stories (including liquidators), drugstores, quick-service restaurants (QSR), and full-service restaurants from 2019 to the trailing-twelve-month period (TTM0. A few takeaways: (1) Dollar stores saw the largest increase in total visits versus the other categories as they vastly expanded their food and consumables offering since 2019 to drive frequency and traffic. However, the pace of growth has decelerated materially over the past twelve months amid increased competitive pressure from superstore and value-oriented retailers like Aldi and 99 Cents Only Stores exiting the market; (2) drugstore visits have remained flat versus 2019 despite most of the major chains in the category undergoing store closure programs. We believe healthcare service and weight-loss drug prescriptions visits have helped to offset some of the store closures, although we continue to see some transfer of visits to other retail categories in this channel; and (3) the decline in full-service restaurants is partly due to permanent closures compared to 2019.

Visits by industry for food and essential retail from 2019 - TTM shows an increase for all except full service restaurants

It gets interesting when we compare category-level retail sales data from the U.S. Census Bureau to our visitation data. Below, we’ve taken retail sales (on an unadjusted basis) for the same timeframe that we looked at above to analyze retail spend per visit. A few things stand out here: (1) Three categories saw the average retail sales per visit increase period of the analysis: QSR, full-service restaurants, and drugstores. The increase in drugstores is likely partly to due with the shift in sales mix to more healthcare related services, while the increase in QSR and full-service restaurant retail sales per visit likely explain this summer’s promotional activity to win back customers who traded to other channels; (2) The impact of increased promotional activity and fewer units purchased per transaction can be seen across the other categories, where we saw an inflection in retail sales per visit in 2023 and continuing into 2024 for most.

Food and essentials retail categories sales per visit from 2019 - 2023

We also thought we’d assess dwell times across the different food and essentials retail categories (for purposes of this analysis, we’ve removed full-service restaurants, which have gone from an average dwell time of 52 minutes in 2019 to 49 minutes over the past twelve months, although we continue to see fine-dining chain dwell times exceed pre-pandemic levels as consumers look to maximize their experience when dining out). Here, we also see two callouts: (1) As consumers make food purchases across a wider number of channels, dwell time has decreased for most, matching the decrease in units per transaction that we've called out in the past. We did see dwell times increase for a few categories during the back half of 2023 which we believe was due to consumers engaging in price comparisons, but this has reversed in 2024 as consumers have now solidified new shopping routines (i.e., knowing what stores to get what deals); and (2) QSR dwell time remains below pre-pandemic levels, which isn’t surprising given that a higher percentage of transactions are now taking place via drive-thru and takeout orders. However, the increase in dwell time the past few years also suggests the potential for improved drive-thru optimization, a topic we recently analyzed.

Food and essentials industries dwell time from 2019 to most recent 12 months
Article
Catching Up With Carter's 
Carter’s Inc., owner of the OshKosh B’gosh and Carter’s baby and children’s clothing brands, is a major player in the nation’s $28 billion children's clothing industry. How is Carter's faring in 2024? We took a closer look to find out. 
Bracha Arnold
Oct 10, 2024
3 minutes

Carter’s Inc., owner of the OshKosh B’gosh and Carter’s baby and children’s clothing brands, is a major player in the nation’s $28 billion children's clothing industry. As of the end of 2023, the company boasted nearly 800 physical stores throughout the U.S. And after closing hundreds of stores in 2020, the brand is back to betting big on brick-and-mortar – with plans to open some 250 new U.S. locations by 2027. 

How is Carter's faring in 2024? We took a closer look to find out. 

Children's Clothing Creates Crowds

Discretionary spending cutbacks and the rise of online shopping have weighed on apparel retailers in recent years. But some clothing chains – including Carter’s – are bucking the trend. Between January and September 2024, monthly visits to Carter’s stores generally outpaced the wider apparel industry, with some months posting double-digit growth. 

March and August 2024 saw respective YoY visit increases of 16.0% and 14.4%, likely driven by pre-Easter and back-to-school shopping. (March and August 2024 each also had one more Saturday than March or August 2023 – a busy day for clothing stores.) And Carter’s finished out Q3 2024 with a 4.3% YoY visit increase, even as the broader apparel category saw just a minor 0.8% uptick.

Monthly visits for Carters vs Apparel comapared to 2023 show it outpaces the apparel category

Baby Sale Boom 

Indeed, examining weekly foot traffic to Carter's highlights the seasonality of the company’s visitation patterns. Visits are typically lower during the colder winter months but pick up in anticipation of Easter and spring break – likely encouraged by spring sales held by the brand. 

Carter’s real spike, however, comes during the back-to-school season, when parents head to the store to pick up new clothing for the school year – and when Carter's holds major back-to-school sales. During the week of August 5th, foot traffic surged to 29.5% above the year-to-date (YTD) weekly visit average. And with the holiday season fast approaching – including major retail milestones like Black Friday and Super Saturday – the children's retailer appears poised to enjoy continued success.

Weekly Visits Relative to Year-to-Date Weekly Visit Average for January - September 2024 show Easter and back to school drive visits

Family Friendly Fashion 

Unsurprisingly, Carter's attracts family segments to its stores, and over-indexes for wealthy and suburban family markets.

Using the Spatial.ai: PersonaLive dataset to analyze Carter's trade areas reveals that, on a nationwide level, the company’s captured market has higher shares of wealthy and suburban consumer segments than its potential one. (A chain’s potential market is obtained by weighting each Census Block Group (CBG) in its trade area according to population size, thus reflecting the overall makeup of the chain’s trade area. A business’ captured market, on the other hand, is obtained by weighting each CBG according to its share of visits to the chain in question – and thus represents the profile of its actual visitor base). 

Between January and September 2024, the shares of “Wealthy Suburban Families” and “Ultra Wealthy Families” in Carter's captured market stood at 12.5% and 8.9%, respectively – outpacing the company’s potential market shares. This highlights Carter's’ success in attracting these high-income family segments. Meanwhile, households hailing from “Blue Collar Suburbs” were underrepresented in Carter's captured market compared to its potential one. This suggests that, as Carter’s continues to open stores, targeting blue collar suburban areas may pay off for the brand.

Psychographics In Captured Market Trade Area for Jan. - September 2024 shows room to expand to blue collar segments

Kid-Sized Summary

Carter's is managing not just to survive, but to thrive. After closing stores during the pandemic, the company is back with full force, driving visits and maximizing high-traffic periods. 

Will Carter's continue to outpace the wider apparel category during the upcoming holiday season? 

Visit Placer.ai to keep up with the latest data-driven retail insights. 

This blog includes data from Placer.ai Data Version 2.1, which introduces a new dynamic model that stabilizes daily fluctuations in the panel, improving accuracy and alignment with external ground truth sources.

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Exploring the Car Dealership Space
Dive into the foot traffic and audience segmentation data to find out where the new and used auto dealership space stands in 2023.

Overview 

This report leverages location intelligence data to analyze the auto dealership market in the United States. By looking at visit trends to branded showrooms, used car lots, and mixed inventory dealerships – and analyzing the types of visitors that visit each category – this white paper sheds light on the state of car dealership space in 2023. 

Shifts in Auto Dealerships Visit Trends

Prior to the pandemic and throughout most of 2020, visits to both car brand and used-only dealerships followed relatively similar trends. But the two categories began to diverge in early 2021. 

Visits to car brand dealerships briefly returned to pre-pandemic levels in mid-2021, but traffic fell consistently in the second half of the year as supply-chain issues drove consistent price increases. So despite the brief mid-year bump, 2021 ended with overall new car sales – as well as overall foot traffic to car brand dealerships – below 2019 levels. Visits continued falling in 2022 as low inventory and high prices hampered growth.  

Meanwhile, although the price for used cars rose even more (the average price for a new and used car was up 12.1% and 27.1% YoY, respectively, in September 2021), used cars still remained, on average, more affordable than new ones. So with rising demand for alternatives to public transportation – and with new cars now beyond the reach of many consumers – the used car market took off and visits to used car dealerships skyrocketed for much of 2021 and into 2022. But in the second half of last year, as gas prices remained elevated – tacking an additional cost onto operating a vehicle – visits to used car dealerships began falling dramatically. 

Now, the price of both used and new cars has finally begun falling slightly. Foot traffic data indicates that the price drops appear to be impacting the two markets differently. So far this year, sales and visits to dealerships of pre-owned vehicles have slowed, while new car sales grew – perhaps due to the more significant pent-up demand in the new car market. The ongoing inflation, which has had a stronger impact on lower-income households, may also be somewhat inhibiting used-car dealership visit growth. At the same time, foot traffic to used car dealerships did remain close to or slightly above 2019 levels for most of 2023, while visits to branded dealerships were significantly lower year-over-four-years. 

The situation remains dynamic – with some reports of prices creeping back up – so the auto dealership landscape may well continue to shift going into 2024.

Used Cars Appeal to a Range of Consumers

With car prices soaring, the demand for pre-owned vehicles has grown substantially. Analyzing the trade area composition of leading dealerships that sell used cars reveals the wide spectrum of consumers in this market. 

Dealerships carrying a mixed inventory of both new and used vehicles seem to attract relatively high-income consumers. Using the STI: Popstats 2022 data set to analyze the trade areas of Penske Automotive, AutoNation, and Lithia Auto Stores – which all sell used and new cars – reveals that the HHI in the three dealerships’ trade areas is higher than the nationwide median. Differences did emerge within the trade areas of the mixed inventory car dealerships, but the range was relatively narrow – between $77.5K to $84.5K trade area median HHI. 

Meanwhile, the dealerships selling exclusively used cars – DriveTime, Carvana, and CarMax – exhibited a much wider range of trade area median HHIs. CarMax, the largest used-only car dealership in the United States, had a yearly median HHI of $75.9K in its trade area – just slightly below the median HHI for mixed inventory dealerships Lithia Auto Stores and AutoNation and above the nationwide median of $69.5K. Carvana, a used car dealership that operates according to a Buy Online, Pick Up in Store (BOPIS) model, served an audience with a median HHI of $69.1K – more or less in-line with the nationwide median. And DriveTime’s trade areas have a median HHI of $57.6K – significantly below the nationwide median. 

The variance in HHI among the audiences of the different used-only car dealerships may reflect the wide variety of offerings within the used-car market – from virtually new luxury vehicles to basic sedans with 150k+ miles on the odometer. 

Tesla Leads the Car Brand Dealership Pack

Visits to car brands nationwide between January and September 2023 dipped 0.9% YoY, although several outliers reveal the potential for success in the space even during times of economic headwinds. 

Visits to Tesla’s dealerships have skyrocketed recently, perhaps thanks to the company’s frequent price cuts over the past year – between September 2022 and 2023, the average price for a new Tesla fell by 24.7%. And with the company’s network of Superchargers gearing up to serve non-Tesla Electric Vehicles (EVs), Tesla is finding room for growth beyond its already successful core EV manufacturing business and positioning itself for a strong 2024. 

Japan-based Mazda used the pandemic as an opportunity to strengthen its standing among U.S. consumers, and the company is now reaping the fruits of its labor as visits rise YoY. Porsche, the winner of U.S New & World Report Best Luxury Car Brand for 2023, also outperformed the wider car dealership sector. Kia – owned in part by Hyundai –  and Hyundai both saw their foot traffic increase YoY as well, thanks in part to the popularity of their SUV models.

Diving into Local Markets 

Analyzing dealerships on a national level can help car manufacturers make macro-level decisions on marketing, product design, and brick-and-mortar fleet configurations. But diving deeper into the unique characteristics of each dealership’s trade area on a state level reveals differences that can serve brands looking to optimize their offerings for their local audience. 

For example, analyzing the share of households with children in the trade areas of four car brand dealership chains in four different states reveals significant variation across the regional markets. 

Nationwide, Tesla served a larger share of households with children than Kia, Ford, or Land Rover. But focusing on California shows that in the Golden State, Kia’s trade area population included the largest share of this segment than the other three brands, while Land Rover led this segment in Illinois. Meanwhile, Ford served the smallest share of households with children on a nationwide basis – but although the trend held in Illinois and Pennsylvania, California Ford dealerships served more households with children than either Tesla or Land Rover.  

Leveraging Location Intelligence for Car Dealerships

Leveraging location intelligence to analyze car dealerships adds a layer of consumer insights to industry provided sales numbers. Visit patterns and audience demographics reveal how foot traffic to used-car lots, mixed inventory dealerships, and manufacturers’ showrooms change over time and who visits these businesses on a national or regional level. These insights allow auto industry stakeholders to assess current demand, predict future trends, and keep a finger on the pulse of car-purchasing habits in the United States. 

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