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Articles
Article
Life Time & Planet Fitness Q2 2025 Visit Recap
Life Time's slight Q2 visit dip is a strategic nuance, not a weakness, as it focuses on high-value members and expansion. Planet Fitness, with a 10.1% visit surge, validates its affordable model. Both are expanding, confirming a strong, bifurcated fitness market.
Bracha Arnold
Aug 1, 2025
3 minutes

Health and wellness continue to be a major priority for most Americans, and the fitness industry continues to reap the benefits. This segment has ample room for all kinds of gym-goers, from luxury athletic chains like Life Time to more accessible and affordable options like Planet Fitness. We took a look at visitation patterns to these two chains in Q2 2025 to understand their recent performance

Visits to Life Time Keep Pace With 2024

Upscale gym chain Life Time has evolved into a wellness powerhouse over the years, offering its members access to fitness classes, luxury amenities, and even co-working and residential spaces. 

Though the chain experienced impressive visit growth in 2024, YoY visits slowed slightly in 2025 – perhaps owing in part to the difficult comparison to a particularly strong 2024. Still, visit gaps were fairly minimal – Q2 2025 visits were just -0.6% lower than in Q2 2024, and average visits per location were just -1.5% lower year-over-year.

And while visits may have moderated somewhat in the first half of the year, Life Time seems confident about its market position, with several new locations in the pipeline for 2025 and 2026.

Planet Fitness Keeps Visits Up

While Life Time caters to gym-goers looking for a luxury wellness experience, Planet Fitness offers easily accessible, judgment-free fitness zones that welcomes all kinds of gym-goers. This model, characterized by its low monthly fees and basic amenities, aims to appeal to a broad consumer base.

And foot traffic trends suggest that this model is not just working, it’s thriving: YoY visits were elevated by 10.1% in Q2 2025, and average visits per location grew by 6.2% in the same period. This growth comes on the heels of its elevated visits throughout H2 2024 – a promising sign for the chain as it begins a major expansion push.

Hitting the Gym 

A closer look at visit data highlights that visit frequency at Life Time is consistently higher than at Planet Fitness. Throughout 2025, visitors to Planet Fitness visited an average of 4.1 to 4.4  times a month, while visitors to Life Time visit an average of 5.7 to 6.2 times a month. 

This reflects the two brands’ different models: Life Time aims to be a true one-stop-shop for wellness, combining co-working spaces and residential living with its fitness offerings, elements that encourage members to visit more frequently. Meanwhile, Planet Fitness’s focus on affordability and a straightforward gym-going experience attracts budget-conscious gym-goers whose visits, while slightly less frequent, align with their demand for simple, convenient fitness.

Gyms Keep Gunning for Growth

Life Time and Planet Fitness occupy two very different ends of the fitness and wellness spectrum – and both are proving that there’s room for variety in the gym segment.

How might the second half of the year look for these two chains?

Visit Placer.ai/anchor for the latest data-driven fitness insights. 

Article
Growth vs. Optimization: A Q2 2025 Analysis of First Watch, Denny's, & Dine Brands
Discover two distinct paths to success in casual dining: high-income expansion vs. value-driven loyalty.
Shira Petrack
Jul 30, 2025
2 minutes

Improved Visitation Trends Across American Cuisine Chains

First Watch, Denny's, IHOP, and Applebee's improved their visitation metrics in Q2 2025 relative to Q1 2025. 

First Watch increased its total visits by 13.7% year-over-year, fueled both by its ongoing expansion and by a notable 4.1% increase in average visits per location, signaling significant room for continued growth. 

In contrast to First Watch's expansion, Denny's has been closing stores. Its smaller footprint led to a 4.9% dip in overall visits, but its remaining restaurants became significantly busier, with average visits per location up 5.1% year-over-year – suggesting that loyal customers are consolidating at its remaining stores

Meanwhile, Dine brands IHOP and Applebee's also improved their visitation trends. IHOP narrowed its overall visits and average visits per location declines while Applebee's turned its traffic dips into gains in Q2, with overall visits up 2.7% YoY and average visits per venue up 5.5% – perhaps thanks to Dine's marketing efforts around the brand. 

Overall, the strong Q2 performance of these four chains highlights the resilience of the value-driven casual dining sector – and may indicate that consumers may be 'trading down' from more expensive restaurants while still seeking a sit-down experience.

How Does Visitor Income Impact Chain Loyalty? 

While First Watch caters to a wealthier clientele (with median HHI of $88.7K compared to the nationwide baseline of $79.6K), it's the chains’ serving of lower-income areas – Applebee's, Denny's, and IHOP – that attract a higher share of frequent monthly visitors. This suggests that loyalty is not dictated by disposable income; instead, brands that offer reliability and affordability can become a go-to option for their customers, driving high visit frequency even in times of macroeconomic uncertainty.

Multiple Paths to Casual Dining Success

The strong Q2 performance of these chains highlights the casual dining sector's resilience and reveals two distinct paths to success in today's economy. While First Watch thrives on aggressive expansion into higher-income areas, brands like Denny's and Applebee's prove that cultivating deep loyalty among a value-conscious base through affordability and optimization is an equally powerful and sustainable strategy.

For more data-driven dining insights, visit placer.ai/anchor

Article
Scaling Fast-Casual: CAVA's Depth vs. Sweetgreen's Breadth in Q2 2025
CAVA and Sweetgreen saw major visit growth in Q2 2025, but their expansion philosophies differ. See the data comparing CAVA's market depth to Sweetgreen's national breadth.
Shira Petrack
Jul 30, 2025
2 minutes

Overall Traffic Up, Average Visits per Venue Down Slightly For CAVA & sweetgreen

CAVA started the year off strong with double-digit traffic increases between January and April 2025, but growth slowed down slightly towards the end of H1. Still, the chain capped off the quarter with a 8.7% YoY overall boost in visits in Q2 2025 while visits per location held essentially steady at -1.0% – suggesting that CAVA's expansion is not cannibalizing traffic from its existing venues.  

Sweetgreen experienced similar traffic patterns, with overall visits up 8.6% YoY in Q2 2025 and a visit gap of 3.1% – a somewhat larger dip than CAVA's visits per location decline, though still a manageable figure for a brand in a heavy expansion phase. 

Different Expansion Philosophies

While CAVA and sweetgreen share a lot of similarities, analyzing the YoY change in Q2 2025 visits by DMA highlights their different expansion philosophies. CAVA's strategy seems focused on market depth, where entry into new markets is part of a broader strategy of establishing and strengthening regional clusters. In contrast, sweetgreen's approach seems to prioritize nationwide breadth – a strategy underscored by its plans to enter three distinct geographically separate markets in 2025. 

The map reflects the impact of these distinct strategies: In Q2 2025, CAVA's YoY visit growth is mostly concentrated in distinct geographic clusters, while sweetgreen's gains are more geographically dispersed across the country's major metropolitan areas.

Multiple Paths to Fast Casual Success

The Q2 2025 visit growth of CAVA and sweetgreen demonstrates that multiple viable paths exist for scaling a premium fast-casual brand. While both approaches are currently driving significant overall growth, the crucial test ahead will be which strategy can better maintain store-level profitability and brand loyalty as they continue to scale.

For more data-driven dining insights, visit placer.ai/anchor 

Article
The QSR Playbook for H2 2025: Lessons in Value and Innovation from Yum!, RBI, & Wendy's
Find out how leading QSR players Yum! Brands, RBI, and Wendy’s performed in Q2 2025.
Lila Margalit
Jul 29, 2025
4 minutes

Quick-service restaurants (QSRs) have had to work hard to stay competitive in 2025, contending with inflationary pressures, cautious consumer spending, and a wave of value-focused dining alternatives. 

So with the year now more than halfway through, we analyzed location analytics for leading QSR players Yum! Brands, RBI, and Wendy’s to see which chains defied expectations in Q2 2025 – and how they managed to remain ahead of the curve. 

Living to Fry Another Day

Rising costs and growing competition have eroded fast food’s once-formidable value advantage. Convenience and grocery stores now offer more substantial dining options, giving budget-conscious consumers more reasons to look beyond traditional QSRs. Meanwhile, fast-casual brands and even some full-service restaurants (like Chili’s) have introduced more elevated dining experiences at price points close to fast-food levels.  

Despite these challenges, Yum! Brands and RBI have remained resilient. Yum! Brands posted modest year-over-year (YoY) traffic growth in Q2 2025 – while RBI, whose domestic footprint contracted somewhat, saw a narrowing YoY visit gap. But both chains maintained average visits per location near last year’s levels, underscoring their ability to navigate a persistently tough environment. 

Popeye’s Powers RBI

What’s behind RBI’s narrowing visit gap? 

Popeyes emerged as a bright spot in Q2 2025, with overall foot traffic rising by 0.6% despite a reduced domestic store count – and average visits per location climbing 2.2%. This marks a notable improvement from Q1, when traffic was down 3.2%. The chicken chain’s blend of innovation and value – from new chicken wing flavors in late 2024 and early 2025 to limited-time offers (LTOs) like the $6 Big Box – appears to be winning over diners.

Burger King, RBI’s most-visited chain, also contributed to the company’s improved traffic. The brand narrowed its YoY visit gap from 3.4% in Q1 to 2.1% in Q2, thanks in part to expanded value deals and timely tie-ins such as a How to Train Your Dragon-themed meal. Meanwhile, average visits per location at Burger King nearly matched 2024 levels, with the gap shrinking from 2.0% in Q1 to 0.2% in Q2. 

Taco Bell’s Winning Recipe

Yum! Brands’ primary growth engine has been Taco Bell – by far the company’s largest U.S. banner. By frequently introducing new menu items while keeping an eye on affordability – through offerings like the expanded Luxe Cravings Box – Taco Bell has sustained its reputation as a top-value treat. And building on a strong Q1, the Mexican QSR giant saw overall foot traffic climb by 2.6% YoY in Q2, with average visits per location growing by 1.5% YoY. 

Elsewhere in Yum!’s portfolio, KFC and Pizza Hut posted YoY visit gaps in Q2. Still, the two brands’ average-visit-per-location gaps remained modest, indicating that consumer demand remains healthy at existing stores despite some closures.

A Wendy’s Rebound?

Wendy’s is another QSR relying on value deals and menu expansions to weather the sector’s choppy waters. After two years of steady YoY same-store sales growth in the U.S., Wendy’s recorded a 2.8% comp sales decline in Q1 2025, mirrored by a 3.4% dip in average visits per location. 

But Wendy’s isn’t sitting still. In March, it updated its Frostys menu, followed in April by a crowd-pleasing Cajun Crunch Spicy Chicken Sandwich. Alongside its existing value menu, Wendy’s is also leveraging special promotions this summer – from free Frostys on July 20th (National Ice Cream Day) and free fries every “Fryday” to an upcoming “Meal of Misfortune” tied to the latest season of Netflix’s Wednesday. And though visits in Q2 2025 still trailed 2024 levels, Wendy’s consistently narrowing visit gap points to a potentially brighter outlook as the year progresses.

No Small Feat

To succeed in 2025, QSRs must excel at both menu innovation and value – no easy feat –  giving today’s savvy and budget-conscious consumers a compelling reason to spend. And though 2025 promises more headwinds, chains that effectively strike this balance may be well-positioned to thrive. 

Follow Placer.ai/anchor for more data-driven dining insights.

Article
Kohl’s: More Than a Meme?
Kohl's has emerged as an unlikely meme stock. Is there anything lying beyond the internet buzz? We took a look at the company's foot traffic to find out.
Lila Margalit
Jul 28, 2025
1 minute

Kohl’s emergence as a hot new meme stock wasn’t on anyone’s bingo card for 2025. The retailer has grappled with declining sales and ongoing leadership challenges, driving a steep drop in its share price over the past several years. But beyond the internet buzz, is there any real reason for optimism about Kohl’s outlook? 

Despite recent setbacks, Kohl’s surprised investors in Q1 2025 with a smaller-than-expected 3.9% year-over-year (YoY) drop in comparable sales – fueling speculation that a turnaround might be in the works. The company’s foot traffic gap also narrowed to just 2.7% YoY in Q1, a notable improvement from the 6.0% gap in Q4 2024. In Q2 2025, too, Kohl’s visit-per-location gap remained relatively modest at 3.1%. But monthly YoY data showed substantial volatility, with June experiencing a sharp decline while March through May visits per location held close to last year’s levels.

All in all, Kohl’s clearly has a long way to go to reclaim its former glory – and it’s too soon to tell whether a comeback is indeed in the cards. But with the right strategy, the data does point to some underlying strength that may help the company regain its footing – meme stock or not. 

For more data-driven retail analyses, follow Placer.ai/anchor.

Article
More From Less: How CVS's Rightsizing Strategy Drove Growth in Q2 2025
Pharmacies have weathered a challenging landscape in recent years. We took a look at CVS's visit data to see how the company is faring in Q2 2025, how its rightsizing and optimization efforts have impacted visitation, and what location analytics reveals about some of its strategies.
Lila Margalit
Jul 28, 2025
3 minutes

A Prescription for Choppy Waters

Pharmacies have weathered a challenging landscape in recent years, marked by shrinking drug margins, rising costs, and heightened competition from online retailers. Major industry leaders have had to rethink their strategies in response. 

So with CVS Health set to report earnings later this month, we dove into the data to see how visits to the company’s eponymous pharmacy chain fared in Q2 2025. How have CVS’s rightsizing and optimization efforts impacted visitation? And what can location analytics reveal about some of the strategies that may drive further growth for the chain?

We dove into the data to find out. 

A Healthy Dose of Rightsizing

CVS Pharmacy began 2025 on a high note. Despite hundreds of recent store closures, the chain posted steady year-over-year (YoY) visit growth throughout the first half of 2025, with only February seeing a slight dip due to the leap-year comparison. 

In the first quarter of the year, CVS Health’s Pharmacy and Consumer Wellness segment reported an 11.1% jump in revenue – driven in part by a 6.7% rise in same-store prescription volume. This growth was reflected in the chain’s solid Q1 visit numbers – a momentum sustained into Q2 2025, when overall foot traffic rose 2.2% YoY and average visits per location saw an even more impressive 5.0% increase. 

CVS's strong visit numbers appear to underscore the success of its rightsizing efforts, which have largely focused on optimizing the pharmacy and healthcare side of the business. In addition to closing hundreds of stores, CVS plans to open several smaller-format, pharmacy-first locations – as well as featuring limited over-the-counter offerings. The drugstore leader is also set to absorb prescription files from 625 closing Rite Aid locations, in addition to acquiring 64 of its physical stores.

A Wellness Check for Non-Pharmacy Offerings

CVS's pharmacy-focused strategy comes amid softening demand for its front store business – including items like cosmetics, candy, greeting cards, and other over-the-counter products – which saw a 2.4% revenue decline in Q1 2025. Yet location analytics show that these non-medical offerings remain an important traffic driver for CVS – especially during key retail milestones. 

In the first half of 2025, for example, Valentine’s Day (February 14th) was CVS's busiest day of the year to date, registering a 39.2% surge in visits compared to the chain’s year-to-date (YTD) daily average and a 26.3% boost compared to an average Friday. Other holidays, including Mother’s Day and Father’s Day, sparked smaller but still significant upticks, as shoppers stopped by for gifts and cards. 

Looking Ahead

CVS’s 2025 visit numbers suggest the chain is adeptly navigating pharmacy’s choppy waters – staying nimble and capitalizing on opportunities as they arise. Will the pharmacy leader continue to thrive in the months ahead? 

Follow Placer.ai/anchor to find out. 

Reports
INSIDER
Report
Emerging Trends for CRE in 2025
This Placer Snapshot examines the evolution of key industries impacting commercial real estate. We explore the shifting dynamics of office visits, the recovery of shopping centers, and population growth patterns across the United States in 2025.
August 28, 2025
INSIDER
Report
A New Era for Retail Giants: Who’s Winning in 2025?
Find out how the Dollar General, Dollar Tree, and Costco's hyper growth have changed the retail landscape and see how Walmart and Target can stay competitive in today's value-driven market.
August 21, 2025

Key Takeaways:

1. The hypergrowth of Costco, Dollar Tree, and Dollar General between 2019 and 2025 has fundamentally changed the brick-and-mortar retail landscape. 

2. Overall visits to Target and Walmart have remained essentially stable even as traffic to the new retail giants skyrocketed – so the increased competition is not necessarily coming at legacy giants' expense. Instead, each retail giant is filling a different need, and success now requires excelling at specific shopping missions rather than broad market dominance.

3. Cross-shopping has become the new normal, with Walmart and Target maintaining their popularity even as their relative visit shares decline, creating opportunities for complementary rather than purely competitive strategies.

4. Dollar stores are rapidly graduating from "fill-in" destinations to primary shopping locations, signaling a fundamental shift in how Americans approach everyday retail.

5. Walmart still enjoys the highest visit frequency, but the other four chains – and especially Dollar General – are gaining ground in this realm.

6. Geographic and demographic specialization is becoming the key differentiator, as each chain carves out distinct niches rather than competing head-to-head across all markets and customer segments.

Shifting Retail Dynamics

Evolving shopper priorities, economic pressures, and new competitors are reshaping how and where Americans buy everyday goods. And as value-focused players gain ground, legacy retail powerhouses are adapting their strategies in a bid to maintain their visit share. In this new consumer reality, shoppers no longer stick to one lane, creating a complex ecosystem where loyalty, geography, and cross-visitation patterns – not just market share – define who is truly winning.

This report explores the latest retail traffic data for Walmart, Target, Costco, Dollar Tree, and Dollar General to decode what consumers want from retail giants in 2025. By analyzing visit patterns, loyalty trends, and cross-shopping shifts, we reveal how fast-growing chains are winning over consumers and uncover the strategies helping legacy players stay competitive in today's value-driven retail landscape. 

The New Competitive Landscape

Dollar General, Dollar Tree, and Costco's Hypergrowth Since 2019 

In 2019, Walmart and Target were the two major behemoths in the brick-and-mortar retail space. And while traffic to these chains remains close to 2019 levels, overall visits to Dollar General, Dollar Tree, and Costco have increased 36.6% to 45.9% in the past six years. Much of the growth was driven by aggressive store expansions, but average visits per location stayed constant (in the case of Dollar Tree) or grew as well (in the case of Dollar General and Costco). This means that these chains are successfully filling new stores with visitors – consumers who in the past may have gone to Walmart or Target for at least some of the items now purchased at wholesale clubs and dollar stores. 

This substantial increase in visits to Costco, Dollar General, and Dollar Tree has altered the competitive landscape in which Walmart and Target operate. In 2019, 55.9% of combined visits to the five retailers went to Walmart. Now, Walmart’s relative visit share is less than 50%. Target received the second-highest share of visits to the five retailers in 2019, with 15.9% of combined traffic to the chains. But Between January and July 2025, Dollar General received more visits than Target – even though the discount store had received just 12.1% of combined visits in 2019.

Some of the growth of the new retail giants could be attributed to well-timed expansion. But the success of these chains is also due to the extreme value orientation of U.S. consumers in recent years. Dollar General, Dollar Tree, and Costco each offer a unique value proposition, giving today's increasingly budget-conscious shoppers more options.

The Role of Each Retail Giant in the Wider Retail Ecosystem

Walmart’s strategy of "everyday low prices" and its strongholds in rural and semi-rural areas reflect its emphasis on serving broad, value-focused households – often catering to essential, non-discretionary shopping. 

Dollar General serves an even larger share of rural and semi-rural shoppers than Walmart, following its strategy of bringing a curated selection of everyday basics to underserved communities. The retailer's packaging is typically smaller than Walmart's, which allows Dollar General to price each item very affordably – and its geographic concentration in rural and semi-rural areas also highlights its direct competition to Walmart. 

By contrast, Target and Costco both compete for consumer attention in suburban and small city settings, where shopper profiles tilt more toward families seeking one-stop-shopping and broader discretionary offerings. But Costco's audience skews slightly more affluent – the retailer attracts consumers who can afford the membership fees and bulk purchasing requirements – and its visit growth may be partially driven by higher income Target shoppers now shopping at Costco. 

Dollar Tree, meanwhile, showcases a uniquely balanced real estate strategy. The chain's primary strength lies in suburban and small cities but it maintains a solid footing in both rural and urban areas. The chain also offers a unique value proposition, with a smaller store format and a fixed $1.25 price point on most items. So while the retailer isn't consistently cheaper than Walmart or Dollar General across all products, its convenience and predictability are helping it cement its role as a go-to chain for quick shopping trips or small quantities of discretionary items. And its versatile, three-pronged geographic footprint allows it to compete across diverse markets: Dollar Tree can serve as a convenient, quick-trip alternative to big-box retailers in the suburbs while also providing essential value in both rural and dense urban communities.

As each chain carves out distinct geographic and demographic niches, success increasingly depends on being the best option for particular shopping missions (bulk buying, quick trips, essential needs) rather than trying to be everything to everyone.

Cross-Shopping on the Rise Despite Visit Share Shuffle

Still, despite – or perhaps due to – the increased competition, shoppers are increasingly spreading their visits across multiple retailers: Cross-shopping between major chains rose significantly between 2019 and 2025. And Walmart remains the most popular brick-and-mortar retailer, consistently ranking as the most popular cross-shopping destination for visitors of every other chain, followed by Target.

This creates an interesting paradox when viewed alongside the overall visit share shift. Even as Walmart and Target's total share of visits has declined, their importance as a secondary stop has actually grown. This suggests that the legacy retail giants' dip in market share isn't due to shoppers abandoning them. Instead, consumers are expanding their shopping routines by visiting other growing chains in addition to their regular trips to Walmart and Target, effectively diluting the giants' share of a larger, more fragmented retail landscape.

Cross-visitation to Costco from Walmart, Target, and Dollar Tree also grew between 2019 and 2025, suggesting that Costco is attracting a more varied audience to its stores.

But the most significant jumps in cross-visitation went to Dollar Tree and Dollar General, with cross-visitation to these chains from Target, Walmart, and Costco doubling or tripling over the past six years. This suggests that these brands are rapidly graduating from “fill-in” fare to primary shopping destinations for millions of households.

The dramatic rise in cross-visitation to dollar stores signals an opportunity for all retailers to identify and capitalize on specific shopping missions while building complementary partnerships rather than viewing every chain as direct competition. 

Competition For Visit Frequency in a Fragmented Retail Landscape 

Walmart’s status as the go-to destination for essential, non-discretionary spending is clearly reflected in its exceptional loyalty rates – nearly half its visitors return at least three times per month on average -between  January to July 2025, a figure virtually unchanged since 2019. This steady high-frequency visitation underscores how necessity-driven shopping anchors customer routines and keeps Walmart atop the retail loyalty ranks. 

But the data also reveals that other retail giants – and Dollar General in particular – are steadily gaining ground. Dollar General's increased visit frequency is largely fueled by its strategic emphasis on adding fresh produce and other grocery items, making it a viable everyday stop for more households and positioning it to compete more directly with Walmart.

Target also demonstrates a notable uptick in loyal visitors, with its share of frequent shoppers visiting at least three times a month rising from 20.1% to 23.6% between 2019 and 2025. This growth may suggest that its strategic initiatives – like the popular Drive Up service, same-day delivery options, and an appealing mix of essentials and exclusive brands – are successfully converting some casual shoppers into repeat customers. 

Costco stands out for a different reason: while overall visits increased, loyalty rates remained essentially unchanged. This speaks to Costco’s unique position as a membership-based outlet for targeted bulk and premium-value purchases, where the shopping behavior of new visitors tends to follow the same patterns as those of its  already-loyal core. As a result, trip frequency – rooted largely in planned stock-ups – remains remarkably consistent even as the warehouse giant grows foot traffic overall. 

Dollar Tree currently has the smallest share of repeat visitors but is improving this metric. As it successfully encourages more frequent trips and narrows the loyalty gap with its larger rivals, it's poised to become an increasing source of competition for both Target and Costco.

The increase in repeat visits and cross-shopping across the five retail giants showcases consumers' current appetite for value-oriented mass merchants and discount chains. And although the retail giants landscape may be more fragmented, the data also reveals that the pie itself has grown significantly – so the increased competition does not necessarily need to come at the expense of legacy retail giants. 

The Path Forward

The retail landscape of 2025 demands a fundamental shift from zero-sum competition to strategic complementarity, where success lies in owning specific shopping missions rather than fighting for total market dominance. Retailers that forego attempting to compete on every front and instead clearly communicate their mission-specific value propositions – whether that's emergency runs, bulk essentials, or family shopping experiences – may come out on top. 

INSIDER
Report
LA vs SF: Divergent Office Recovery Paths
See the data on Los Angeles and San Francisco's divergent office recovery paths and understand why Century City is emerging as LA's standout submarket for CRE professionals.
Placer Research
August 4, 2025
6 minutes

Key Takeaways: 

1. Market Divergence: While San Francisco's return-to-office trends have stabilized, Los Angeles is increasingly lagging behind national averages with office visits down 46.6% compared to pre-pandemic levels as of June 2025.

2. Commuter Pattern Shifts: Los Angeles faces a persistent decline in out-of-market commuters while San Francisco's share of out-of-market commuters has recovered slightly, indicating deeper structural challenges in LA's office market recovery.

3. Visit vs. Visitor Gap: Unlike other markets where increased visits per worker offset declining visitor numbers, Los Angeles saw both metrics decline year-over-year, suggesting fundamental workforce retention issues.

4. Century City Exception: Century City emerges as LA's strongest office submarket with visits only 28.1% below pre-pandemic levels, driven by its premium amenities and strategic location adjacent to Westfield Century City shopping center.

5. Demographic Advantage: Century City's success may stem from its success in attracting affluent, educated young professionals who value lifestyle integration and are more likely to maintain consistent office attendance in hybrid work arrangements.

LA and SF Office Markets Post-Pandemic Divergeance

While return-to-office trends have stabilized in many markets nationwide, Los Angeles and San Francisco face unique challenges that set them apart from national patterns. This report examines the divergent trajectories of these two major West Coast markets, with particular focus on Los Angeles' ongoing struggles and the emergence of one specific submarket that bucks broader trends.

Through analysis of commuter patterns, demographic shifts, and localized performance data, we explore how factors ranging from out-of-market workforce changes to amenity-driven location advantages are reshaping the competitive landscape for office real estate in Southern California.

LA is Falling Behind on RTO 

LA Recovery Lags as SF RTO Stabilizes

Both Los Angeles and San Francisco continue to significantly underperform the national office occupancy average. In June 2025, average nationwide visits to office buildings were 30.5% below January 2019 levels, compared to a 46.6% and 46.4% decline in visits to Los Angeles and San Francisco offices, respectively. 

While both cities now show similar RTO rates, they arrived there through different trajectories. San Francisco has consistently lagged behind national return-to-office levels since pandemic restrictions first lifted.

Los Angeles, however, initially mirrored nationwide trends before its office market began diverging and falling behind around mid-2022.

Decline in Out-of-Market Commuters 

The decline in office visits in Los Angeles and San Francisco can be partly attributed to fewer out-of-market commuters. Both cities saw significant drops in the percentage of employees who live outside the city but commute to work between H1 2019 and H1 2023.

However, here too, the two cities diverged in recent years: San Francisco's share of out-of-market commuters relative to local employees rebounded between 2023 and 2024, while Los Angeles' continued to decline – another indication that LA's RTO is decelerating as San Francisco stabilizes.

Unlike in SF, LA Office Visit Growth Doesn't Offset Visitor Decline

Like in other markets, Los Angeles saw a larger drop in office visits than in office visitors when comparing current trends to pre-pandemic levels. This is consistent with the shift to hybrid work arrangements, where many of the workers who returned to the office are coming in less frequently than before the pandemic, leading to a larger drop in visits compared to the drop in visitors. 

But looking at the trajectory of RTO more recently shows that in most markets – including San Francisco – office visits are up year-over-year (YoY) while visitor numbers are down. This suggests that the workers slated to return to the office have already done so, and increasing the numbers of visits per visitor is now the path towards increased office occupancy.  

In Los Angeles, visits also outperformed visitors – but both figures were down YoY (the gap in visits was smaller than the gap in visitors). So while the visitors who did head to the office in LA in Q2 2025 clocked in more visits per person compared to Q2 2024, the increase in visits per visitor was not enough to offset the decline in office visitors.

Century City is a Pocket of RTO Strength

While Los Angeles may be lagging in terms of its overall office recovery, the city does have pockets of strength – most notably Century City. In Q2 2025, the number of inbound commuters visiting the neighborhood was just 24.7% lower than it was in Q2 2019 and higher (+1.0%) than last year's levels. 

According to Colliers' Q2 2025 report, Century City accounts for 27% of year-to-date leasing activity in West Los Angeles – more than double any other submarket – and commands the highest asking rental rates. The area benefits from Trophy and Class A office towers that may create a flight-to-quality dynamic where tenants migrate from urban core locations to this Westside submarket.


The submarket's success is likely bolstered by its strategic location adjacent to Westfield Century City shopping center – visit data reveals that 45% of weekday commuters to Century City also visited Westfield Century City during Q2 2025. The convenience of accessing the mall's extensive retail, dining, and entertainment options during lunch breaks or after work may encourage employees to come into the office more frequently.

Century City Attracts Younger, More Affluent Employees

Perhaps thanks to its strategic locations and amenities-rich office buildings, Century City succeeds in attracting relatively affluent office workers. 

Century City's office submarket has a higher median trade area household income (HHI) than either mid-Wilshire or Downtown LA. The neighborhood also attracts significant shares of the "Educated Urbanite" Spatial.ai: PersonaLive segment – defined as "well educated young singles living in dense urban areas working relatively high paying jobs".

This demographic typically has fewer family obligations and greater flexibility in their work arrangements, making them more likely to embrace hybrid schedules that include regular office attendance. Affluent singles also tend to value the lifestyle amenities and networking opportunities that come with working in a premium office environment like Century City: This demographic is often in career-building phases where in-person collaboration and visibility matter more, driving consistent office utilization that helps sustain the submarket's performance even as other LA office areas struggle with lower occupancy rates.

The higher disposable income of this audience also aligns well with the submarket's upscale retail and dining options at nearby Westfield Century City, creating a mutually reinforcing ecosystem where the office environment and surrounding amenities cater to their preferences.

Premium Locations Pull Ahead as Office Market Polarizes

As the broader Los Angeles market grapples with a shrinking commuter base and declining office utilization, the performance gap between premium, amenity-rich locations and traditional office districts is likely to widen. For investors and tenants alike, these trends underscore the growing importance of location quality, demographic targeting, and lifestyle integration in determining long-term office market viability across Southern California.

Century City's success – anchored by its affluent, career-focused workforce and integrated lifestyle amenities – can offer a blueprint for office market resilience in the hybrid work era. 

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